| Year | Won | Margin | Democratic | Republican | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | R | 4,298 | 5,004 | 9,431 | |
| 2020 | R | 4,327 | 4,812 | 9,316 | |
| 2016 | R | 3,689 | 4,154 | 8,311 | |
| 2012 | D | 4,171 | 3,947 | 8,250 | |
| 2008 | D | 4,391 | 3,647 | 8,133 | |
| 2004 | D | 3,543 | 3,539 | 7,139 | |
| 2000 | R | 2,907 | 2,913 | 6,145 | |
| 1996 | D | 2,782 | 1,988 | 5,264 | |
| 1992 | D | 2,586 | 2,159 | 5,538 | |
| 1988 | R | 2,272 | 2,502 | 4,849 | |
| 1984 | R | 2,021 | 2,777 | 4,853 | |
| 1980 | D | 2,410 | 1,866 | 4,496 | |
| 1976 | D | 2,426 | 1,516 | 4,027 | |
| 1972 | R | 724 | 1,697 | 2,449 | |
| 1968 | R | 1,120 | 1,130 | 3,426 | |
| 1964 | R | 3,872 | 4,604 | 8,489 | |
| 1960 | D | 1,480 | 775 | 2,268 | |
| 1956 | D | 1,215 | 764 | 2,054 | |
| 1952 | D | 1,222 | 740 | 1,970 | |
| 1948 | D | 1,204 | 371 | 1,741 | |
| 1944 | D | 1,390 | 427 | 1,819 | |
| 1940 | D | 1,291 | 330 | 1,626 | |
| 1936 | D | 1,204 | 370 | 1,577 | |
| 1932 | D | 1,457 | 238 | 1,702 | |
| 1928 | D | 1,216 | 618 | 1,834 | |
| 1924 | D | 1,042 | 350 | 1,431 | |
| 1920 | D | 973 | 392 | 1,367 | |
| 1916 | D | 1,063 | 249 | 1,312 | |
| 1912 | D | 706 | 163 | 971 | |
| 1908 | D | 742 | 308 | 1,056 | |
| 1904 | D | 847 | 269 | 1,127 | |
| 1900 | D | 1,530 | 1,163 | 2,707 | |
| 1896 | D | 1,492 | 1,183 | 2,718 | |
| 1892 | D | 1,409 | 1,020 | 2,551 | |
| 1888 | — | — | — | — | |
| 1884 | — | — | — | — | |
| 1880 | — | — | — | — | |
| 1876 | — | — | — | — |
Nelson County's small, rural population clusters along the Rockfish Valley corridor, and its modest R+7.5 presidential margin in 2024 reflects a gradual rightward drift from the competitive results it posted a decade ago.
The Democratic margin in Nelson County has rarely exceeded seventy-two points in modern history; the Republican margin has rarely exceeded forty points. 2024 delivered the county to the Republican candidate by seven points.
Nelson County's demographics resemble the country more than they resemble most counties. A 81% non-Hispanic-white share, a 13% poverty rate, and a median household income of $72,589 — all within the broad national range. The county's voting pattern over the last decade is most similar to that of Penobscot County and Oxford County.
