| Year | Won | Margin | Democratic | Republican | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | R | 14,629 | 19,025 | 34,019 | |
| 2020 | R | 14,805 | 18,409 | 34,035 | |
| 2016 | R | 11,667 | 15,936 | 30,064 | |
| 2012 | D | 13,871 | 13,622 | 28,094 | |
| 2008 | D | 14,692 | 14,434 | 29,802 | |
| 2004 | R | 13,121 | 16,537 | 30,287 | |
| 2000 | R | 12,017 | 14,879 | 28,366 | |
| 1996 | D | 11,832 | 11,324 | 26,988 | |
| 1992 | R | 10,099 | 11,293 | 29,034 | |
| 1988 | R | 10,665 | 14,902 | 25,754 | |
| 1984 | R | 8,291 | 17,568 | 25,963 | |
| 1980 | R | 7,843 | 13,369 | 23,937 | |
| 1976 | R | 8,822 | 15,674 | 24,591 | |
| 1972 | R | 6,241 | 18,392 | 24,697 | |
| 1968 | R | 7,056 | 13,819 | 22,010 | |
| 1964 | D | 14,313 | 8,858 | 23,180 | |
| 1960 | R | 8,433 | 16,245 | 24,697 | |
| 1956 | R | 4,903 | 18,555 | 23,458 | |
| 1952 | R | 5,353 | 17,715 | 23,101 | |
| 1948 | R | 5,937 | 13,413 | 19,658 | |
| 1944 | R | 6,109 | 13,369 | 19,514 | |
| 1940 | R | 6,301 | 15,262 | 21,662 | |
| 1936 | R | 5,867 | 14,353 | 20,590 | |
| 1932 | R | 6,896 | 11,931 | 19,272 | |
| 1928 | R | 5,217 | 14,333 | 19,851 | |
| 1924 | R | 3,430 | 11,589 | 16,321 | |
| 1920 | R | 3,797 | 11,094 | 15,348 | |
| 1916 | R | 3,937 | 5,881 | 10,217 | |
| 1912 | R | 3,164 | 3,490 | 9,930 | |
| 1908 | R | 3,637 | 6,727 | 10,978 | |
| 1904 | R | 3,410 | 6,947 | 10,943 | |
| 1900 | R | 3,673 | 7,174 | 11,321 | |
| 1896 | R | 3,580 | 7,588 | 11,574 | |
| 1892 | R | 4,054 | 6,533 | 11,421 | |
| 1888 | — | — | — | — | |
| 1884 | — | — | — | — | |
| 1880 | — | — | — | — | |
| 1876 | — | — | — | — |
Madison County, anchored by small cities like Oneida and Morrisville, has shifted steadily rightward over the past two decades. In 2024 it delivered a 13-point Republican presidential margin, reflecting broader rural realignment across upstate New York.
The county's recent history is a story of close margins. The Democratic margin reached twenty-four points in 1964; the Republican margin reached fifty-eight points in 1956. Most other elections have been decided by single-digit points.
Madison County's demographics — a population of 67,328, a 90% non-Hispanic-white share, a median household income of $75,499 — situate the county close to national averages on several dimensions. The county's voting pattern over the last decade is most similar to that of Washington County and Yates County.
