New Mexico is the most Hispanic state in the country: 48.4 percent of residents are Hispanic or Latino, the largest share of any state, and roughly one in four households speaks Spanish at home, part of the fourth-highest share of residents speaking a language other than English. The figure carries two distinct histories. Most New Mexicans of Hispanic origin report Mexican ancestry, 32.4 percent of the state, but another layer predates the border — the Spanish-colonial Hispano families of the northern Rio Grande valley, who account for the 4.2 percent reporting Spanish and the 3.6 percent reporting Spaniard. Catholic adherence, at 29.9 percent, ranks fifth of the fifty states.
The Democratic vote concentrates in the north and in Albuquerque. Santa Fe County, the bluest in the state, voted Democratic by 48.9 points in 2024; Taos ran D+47.5, and the Hispano and Pueblo counties of Rio Arriba and San Miguel held by wide margins. Bernalillo County, which holds Albuquerque and a third of the statewide vote, went D+21.0. The Republican vote sits in the southeastern oil counties known as Little Texas — Lea, the reddest in the state at R+61.6, alongside Eddy at R+55.8 and Chaves at R+44.8 — and in the northwestern San Juan County, R+31.7.
Statewide the margin narrowed. New Mexico went Democratic by 6.0 points in 2024, down from 10.8 in 2020 — a 4.8-point move toward Trump that ran with the national shift across Hispanic areas. It showed most where the Hispanic share is highest. McKinley County, on the Navajo Nation in the northwest, went from D+38.6 in 2020 to D+24.5 in 2024; Doña Ana County, on the border around Las Cruces, slipped from D+18.3 to D+9.8. In 2026 the state will choose a new governor — Michelle Lujan Grisham is term-limited — with Deb Haaland the Democratic nominee against Republican Gregg Hull.