Minnesota 1st Congressional District (MN) — Elections 1876–2024

Minnesota 1st Congressional District, Minnesota: Bellwether district. In 2024, voted R+11%. Republican peak: R+64 in 1920.

Key facts

2024 presidential margin: R+11MIT Election Lab
Political archetype: BellwetherAkashic typology
Population: 708,7172024 5-year
Median household income: $80,7602024 5-year
White (non-Hispanic): 83.9%2024 5-year
Black: 3.7%2024 5-year
Hispanic / Latino: 7.5%2024 5-year
Peak Democratic margin: D+22 in 1936MIT Election Lab
Peak Republican margin: R+64 in 1920MIT Election Lab

FINSTAD, BradCongress 119 · Republican

−1 liberal

+1 conservative

Predecessors: HAGEDORN, Jim (2021–2023), HAGEDORN, Jim (2019–2021), WALZ, Tim (2017–2019), WALZ, Tim (2015–2017)

Source · Voteview / Lewis, Poole, Rosenthal et al. (CC-BY).

2024 results by constituent county

21 counties · 1 D · 20 R

R+60

D+60

One cell per constituent county. Ordered by 2024 D-vs-R margin (bluest first). Hover for county-level numbers.

38 presidential elections

Source · MIT Election Lab · ICPSR · VEST (precinct-level 2024).
Year	Won	Margin	Democratic	Republican	Total
2024	R	−11.2%	168,021	211,351	387,925
2020	R	−8.5%	172,582	205,666	387,553
2016	R	−13.2%	137,885	184,794	355,013
2012	D	+2.2%	177,694	169,737	356,926
2008	D	+5.0%	184,389	166,571	359,708
2004	R	−2.4%	170,098	178,442	353,838
2000	R	−3.2%	140,349	150,401	309,436
1996	D	+9.8%	137,234	108,884	288,656
1992	D	+3.0%	119,450	110,026	314,314
1988	R	−3.4%	133,943	143,485	280,184
1984	R	−12.6%	126,075	162,831	290,976
1980	R	−10.3%	117,157	147,421	293,202
1976	R	−2.2%	136,985	143,261	287,339
1972	R	−21.5%	100,803	157,417	263,086
1968	R	−5.8%	110,991	125,285	246,179
1964	D	+16.4%	140,307	100,737	241,494
1960	R	−17.0%	102,908	145,073	248,378
1956	R	−26.6%	79,294	137,069	216,888
1952	R	−35.4%	72,403	152,266	225,482
1948	D	+6.8%	105,317	91,791	199,468
1944	R	−16.5%	77,331	107,989	186,078
1940	R	−16.7%	88,439	123,963	213,273
1936	D	+21.8%	112,845	70,696	193,646
1932	D	+19.8%	101,016	67,133	171,399
1928	R	−26.6%	61,695	106,793	169,438
1924	R	−46.2%	11,385	81,286	151,371
1920	R	−64.0%	22,468	111,749	139,404
1916	R	−16.7%	28,262	40,295	71,909
1912	O	+13.1%	23,690	14,475	70,566
1908	R	−27.4%	24,000	43,726	71,929
1904	R	−50.2%	14,969	48,442	66,691
1900	R	−30.7%	24,860	48,438	76,700
1896	R	−29.3%	28,755	53,641	84,973
1892	D	+14.0%	34,891	25,323	68,301
1888	—	No data	—	—	—
1884	—	No data	—	—	—
1880	—	No data	—	—	—
1876	—	No data	—	—	—

Congressional elections · 17 Senate races

U.S. Senate

Source · MIT Election Lab (MEDSL), Senate. CC-BY 4.0.
Year	Won	D %	R %	Total
2024	D	56.2%	40.5%	3,189,323
2020	D	48.7%	43.5%	3,214,256
2018	D	60.3%	36.2%	2,596,879
2014	D	53.2%	42.9%	1,981,528
2012	D	65.2%	30.5%	2,843,207
2008	D	42.0%	42.0%	2,887,646
2006	D	58.1%	37.9%	2,202,772
2002	R	47.8%	49.5%	2,254,636
2000	D	48.8%	43.3%	2,419,520
1996	D	50.3%	41.3%	2,182,905
1994	R	44.1%	49.1%	1,772,929
1990	D	50.4%	47.8%	1,808,045
1988	R	40.9%	56.2%	2,093,953
1984	R	41.3%	58.1%	2,066,143
1982	R	46.6%	52.6%	1,804,675
1978	R	40.4%	56.6%	1,580,622
1976	D	67.5%	25.0%	1,912,020

Demographics

Race, ethnicity, and ancestry

Click any group to see the ancestries typically reported within it.

German

35.1%

Irish

9.2%

English

6.3%

American

4.2%

Polish

2.8%

French

1.8%

Italian

1.2%

Source · American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2024 release. Hispanic/Latino is an ethnicity that overlaps the race categories, so these shares can total more than 100%. Ancestry is a self-reported, multiple-response item; ancestry percentages do not sum to the parent race percentage.

Age distribution by sex

Median age: 39.1 in this county, 39.1 nationally

Male

Age

Female

1.0%

85+

1.7%

2.4%

75–84

2.9%

5.3%

65–74

5.4%

6.3%

55–64

6.4%

5.6%

45–54

5.3%

6.5%

35–44

6.1%

25–34

5.9%

5.2%

18–24

5.2%

8.7%

5–17

8.3%

2.9%

2.8%

Source · American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2024 release.

Median household income

2024 inflation-adjusted dollars

$80,760

Congressional District 1 ranks near the middle of US counties.

Congressional District 1$80,760

Minnesota$89,062

United States$80,734

Source · American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2024 release.

Poverty rate

All persons below federal poverty line

10.0%

Child poverty is below the national average.

Children under 189.9%

Working age (18–64)9.8%

Seniors (65+)10.7%

Source · American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2024 release.

Language at home

Population aged 5 and older

90.0%

speak English only

Spanish4.7%

Asian & Pacific Islander2.0%

Other languages1.8%

Other Indo-European1.4%

Source · ACS 5-year estimates, 2024.

Religious adherents

Adherents per capita by tradition

Mainline Protestant

28.7%

Catholic & Orthodox

19.6%

Other Christian

5.3%

Methodist

2.3%

Pentecostal & Holiness

1.7%

Non-Christian

0.8%

Baptist

0.3%

Source · 2020 US Religion Census. Remaining 41.3% of residents not counted as adherents by any reporting body.

Covering most of southern Minnesota's farm country and small cities like Rochester, MN-01 gave the Republican presidential candidate a 13-point margin in 2024 — a dramatic reversal from when the district regularly backed Democrats just ten years ago.

The Democratic margin in Minnesota 1st Congressional District has rarely exceeded twenty-two points in modern history; the Republican margin has rarely exceeded sixty-four points. 2024 delivered the district to the Republican candidate by eleven points.

Its demographics resemble the country more than they resemble most districts. A 84% non-Hispanic-white share, a 10% poverty rate, and a median household income of $80,760 — all within the broad national range.

Compare two places, side by side

Twelve curated comparisons line up election history, demographics, and the divergence story for two places at a glance. Browse all comparisons →

Cite this page

All citations released under CC BY 4.0. Attribution: Akashic Intelligence.

Congressional District 1, Minnesota. Akashic. https://akashic.app/cd/2701/. Accessed May 20, 2026. License: CC BY 4.0.

License: CC BY 4.0

Frequently asked questions

How did Congressional District 1, Minnesota vote in 2024?

In 2024, Congressional District 1, Minnesota voted Republican by 11.2 points (R+11), carried by the Republican candidate. Out of 387,925 votes cast, 168,021 went Democratic and 211,351 went Republican.

What is Congressional District 1, Minnesota's political archetype?

Akashic classifies Congressional District 1, Minnesota as a "Bellwether" district based on its long-arc presidential voting pattern. Across 38 elections in the dataset, the district has voted Democratic 9 times, Republican 24 times, and other 1 times.

When did Congressional District 1, Minnesota last vote Democratic?

The most recent presidential election in which Congressional District 1, Minnesota voted Democratic was 2012.

How many people live in Congressional District 1, Minnesota?

Congressional District 1, Minnesota has a population of 708,717 according to the 2024 American Community Survey 5-year estimates from the US Census Bureau.

What is the median household income in Congressional District 1, Minnesota?

Median household income in Congressional District 1, Minnesota is $80,760 — above the national median of $80,734. The Minnesota state median is $89,062.

What is the political history of Congressional District 1, Minnesota?

Akashic tracks 38 presidential elections in Congressional District 1, Minnesota from 1876 to 2024. Of those, 9 went Democratic and 24 went Republican. The district's archetype — "Bellwether" — captures the overall trajectory of that voting record.

Minnesota 1st Congressional District delivered R+11 in 2024.

Key facts

U.S. Senate

Demographics

Compare two places, side by side

Frequently asked questions