Texas 23rd Congressional District, Texas: Democratic loyalist district. In 2024, voted D+3%. Democratic peak: D+66 in 1932.
Key facts
- 2024 presidential margin
- D+3MIT Election Lab
- Political archetype
- Democratic loyalistAkashic typology
- Population
- 1,750,4022024 5-year
- Median household income
- $66,1722024 5-year
- White (non-Hispanic)
- 38.1%2024 5-year
- Black
- 5.3%2024 5-year
- Hispanic / Latino
- 70.0%2024 5-year
- Peak Democratic margin
- D+66 in 1932MIT Election Lab
- Peak Republican margin
- R+24 in 1972MIT Election Lab
Predecessors: HURD, William Ballard (2019–2021), HURD, William Ballard (2017–2019), HURD, William Ballard (2015–2017), GALLEGO, Pete P. (2013–2015)
Source · Voteview / Lewis, Poole, Rosenthal et al. (CC-BY).
| Year | Won | Margin | Democratic | Republican | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D | 301,201 | 281,752 | 591,049 | ||
| D | 348,248 | 250,724 | 608,938 | ||
| D | 275,740 | 184,398 | 486,220 | ||
| D | 227,456 | 182,029 | 415,683 | ||
| D | 241,047 | 188,229 | 432,569 | ||
| R | 187,030 | 209,257 | 399,077 | ||
| R | 171,487 | 173,319 | 353,788 | ||
| D | 172,783 | 126,173 | 318,263 | ||
| D | 157,189 | 132,210 | 348,658 | ||
| D | 157,600 | 156,017 | 315,480 | ||
| R | 125,591 | 175,901 | 302,312 | ||
| R | 117,973 | 141,587 | 269,657 | ||
| D | 127,735 | 109,124 | 239,821 | ||
| R | 78,592 | 128,905 | 208,804 | ||
| D | 85,327 | 71,189 | 177,249 | ||
| D | 102,624 | 54,521 | 157,505 | ||
| D | 73,552 | 62,021 | 136,413 | ||
| R | 47,095 | 63,267 | 110,966 | ||
| R | 50,690 | 67,286 | 118,265 | ||
| D | 47,139 | 21,992 | 72,694 | ||
| D | 40,961 | 17,959 | 63,377 | ||
| D | 47,835 | 16,620 | 64,621 | ||
| D | 42,932 | 10,773 | 54,035 | ||
| D | 44,451 | 9,019 | 53,856 | ||
| R | 18,699 | 21,553 | 40,298 | ||
| D | 18,460 | 8,984 | 30,179 | ||
| D | 11,408 | 10,051 | 22,649 | ||
| D | 11,509 | 5,442 | 17,289 | ||
| D | 9,110 | 1,980 | 14,502 | ||
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U.S. Senate
| Year | Won | D % | R % | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | R | 44.6% | 53.1% | 11,291,854 |
| 2020 | R | 43.9% | 53.5% | 11,144,040 |
| 2018 | R | 48.3% | 50.9% | 8,371,655 |
| 2014 | R | 34.4% | 61.6% | 4,648,358 |
| 2012 | R | 40.6% | 56.5% | 7,864,822 |
| 2008 | R | 42.8% | 54.8% | 7,912,075 |
| 2006 | R | 36.0% | 61.7% | 4,314,663 |
| 2002 | R | 43.3% | 55.3% | 4,514,012 |
| 2000 | R | 32.3% | 65.1% | 6,267,964 |
| 1996 | R | 43.9% | 54.8% | 5,527,441 |
| 1994 | R | 38.3% | 60.8% | 4,279,940 |
| 1990 | R | 37.4% | 60.2% | 3,822,157 |
| 1988 | D | 59.2% | 40.0% | 5,323,606 |
| 1984 | R | 41.4% | 58.5% | 5,314,178 |
| 1982 | D | 58.6% | 40.5% | 3,103,167 |
| 1978 | R | 49.3% | 49.8% | 2,312,540 |
| 1976 | D | 56.8% | 42.2% | 3,874,230 |
Demographics
Texas's 23rd congressional district covers roughly 600 miles of the US-Mexico border, stretching from San Antonio's western suburbs through Del Rio, Eagle Pass, and the Big Bend, west to a point near El Paso. About 1,750,000 people live in the district, which is majority Hispanic or Latino. The district's geography forces a campaigning radius unmatched outside Alaska or the Mountain West; primary contests routinely cross multiple media markets. Presidential margins have shifted under every redistricting cycle. The district narrowly favored George W. Bush in 2004 (R+6), Barack Obama by 12 in 2008 and 11 in 2012, Hillary Clinton by 19 in 2016, and Joe Biden by 16 in 2020. In 2024 the margin compressed to D+3 — the narrowest Democratic presidential margin in the district in two decades. Republican vote totals climbed from 184,402 in 2016 to 281,758 in 2024, the steepest rise of any majority-Hispanic district in Texas. Will Hurd held the House seat from 2015 through 2021; Tony Gonzales has held it since 2021. Down-ballot the district has split tickets in three of the last four cycles.
The Democratic margin in Texas 23rd Congressional District reached its widest at sixty-six points in 1932. The margin in 2024 was three points — still decisive.
Its loyalty is rooted in its place. Median household income of $66,172, a 38% non-Hispanic-white share, and a population of 1,750,402 together describe a district whose political habits are deeply settled.
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Congressional District 23, Texas. Akashic. https://akashic.app/cd/4823/. Accessed May 20, 2026. License: CC BY 4.0.