California 23rd Congressional District (CA) — Elections 1876–2024

California 23rd Congressional District, California: Urban anchor district. In 2024, voted D+9%. Republican peak: R+54 in 1924.

Key facts

2024 presidential margin: D+9MIT Election Lab
Political archetype: Urban anchorAkashic typology
Population: 2,806,7852024 5-year
Median household income: $86,5122024 5-year
White (non-Hispanic): 32.6%2024 5-year
Black: 7.7%2024 5-year
Hispanic / Latino: 53.1%2024 5-year
Peak Democratic margin: D+36 in 1912MIT Election Lab
Peak Republican margin: R+54 in 1924MIT Election Lab

OBERNOLTE, JayCongress 119 · Republican

−1 liberal

+1 conservative

Predecessors: MCCARTHY, Kevin (2021–2023), MCCARTHY, Kevin (2019–2021), MCCARTHY, Kevin (2017–2019), MCCARTHY, Kevin (2015–2017)

Source · Voteview / Lewis, Poole, Rosenthal et al. (CC-BY).

2024 results by constituent county

3 counties · 1 D · 2 R

R+60

D+60

One cell per constituent county. Ordered by 2024 D-vs-R margin (bluest first). Hover for county-level numbers.

38 presidential elections

Source · MIT Election Lab · ICPSR · VEST (precinct-level 2024).
Year	Won	Margin	Democratic	Republican	Total
2024	D	+9.1%	530,804	439,493	999,687
2020	D	+21.6%	666,723	424,992	1,118,176
2016	D	+23.7%	516,317	308,342	879,242
2012	D	+19.2%	463,268	310,978	794,848
2008	D	+18.0%	479,617	330,715	827,836
2004	D	+2.3%	368,673	351,950	729,535
2000	D	+10.2%	339,786	274,243	640,096
1996	D	+10.6%	287,983	226,391	578,717
1992	D	+9.4%	289,449	227,184	661,213
1988	R	−10.7%	254,958	316,827	579,667
1984	R	−21.8%	206,162	322,688	535,168
1980	R	−19.6%	168,620	261,586	473,149
1976	D	+0.1%	206,151	205,622	422,595
1972	R	−18.0%	182,647	266,843	467,843
1968	R	−5.3%	189,139	212,406	436,404
1964	D	+14.7%	249,623	185,500	435,477
1960	R	−1.3%	199,576	205,030	406,159
1956	R	−12.0%	148,734	189,538	339,329
1952	R	−13.3%	134,230	176,028	313,394
1948	D	+0.3%	114,131	113,393	240,705
1944	D	+11.6%	114,124	90,208	205,690
1940	D	+15.5%	108,080	78,825	189,298
1936	D	+31.0%	98,671	51,462	152,282
1932	D	+15.0%	72,332	52,710	131,020
1928	R	−44.2%	27,491	71,900	100,487
1924	R	−53.7%	5,493	41,052	66,230
1920	R	−41.0%	10,236	27,109	41,105
1916	R	−8.3%	18,947	22,676	45,197
1912	O	+36.0%	10,324	0	28,648
1908	R	−23.9%	4,427	7,893	14,500
1904	R	−38.7%	2,369	6,384	10,385
1900	R	−13.9%	3,321	4,504	8,502
1896	R	−1.4%	3,894	4,008	8,216
1892	R	−13.1%	2,979	4,105	8,626
1888	R	−12.0%	3,021	3,891	7,265
1884	R	−9.5%	1,572	1,914	3,595
1880	R	−0.3%	910	915	1,893
1876	D	+1.0%	906	887	1,811

Congressional elections · 17 Senate races

U.S. Senate

Source · MIT Election Lab (MEDSL), Senate. CC-BY 4.0.
Year	Won	D %	R %	Total
2024	D	58.9%	41.1%	15,348,846
2022	D	61.1%	38.9%	10,843,650
2018	D	100.0%	0.0%	11,113,364
2016	D	100.0%	0.0%	12,244,170
2012	D	62.5%	37.5%	12,578,511
2010	D	52.2%	42.2%	10,000,160
2006	D	59.4%	35.0%	8,541,476
2004	D	57.7%	37.8%	12,053,295
2000	D	55.8%	36.6%	10,623,608
1998	D	53.1%	43.0%	8,311,905
1994	D	46.7%	44.8%	8,514,089
1992	D	47.9%	43.0%	10,799,703
1988	R	44.0%	52.8%	9,743,598
1986	D	49.3%	47.9%	7,398,462
1982	R	44.8%	51.5%	7,805,450
1980	D	56.5%	37.1%	8,324,012
1976	R	46.9%	50.2%	7,470,586

Demographics

Race, ethnicity, and ancestry

Click any group to see the ancestries typically reported within it.

German

5.1%

Irish

4.2%

English

4.2%

American

2.8%

Italian

2.3%

French

0.9%

Scottish

0.6%

Source · American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2024 release. Hispanic/Latino is an ethnicity that overlaps the race categories, so these shares can total more than 100%. Ancestry is a self-reported, multiple-response item; ancestry percentages do not sum to the parent race percentage.

Age distribution by sex

Median age: 35.7 in this county, 39.1 nationally

Male

Age

Female

0.6%

85+

0.9%

1.6%

75–84

2.1%

3.8%

65–74

4.4%

5.7%

55–64

5.9%

6.1%

45–54

6.2%

7.1%

35–44

6.8%

7.8%

25–34

7.5%

5.0%

18–24

4.5%

9.2%

5–17

8.8%

3.0%

2.9%

Source · American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2024 release.

Median household income

2024 inflation-adjusted dollars

$86,512

Congressional District 23 ranks near the middle of US counties.

Congressional District 23$86,512

California$99,122

United States$80,734

Source · American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2024 release.

Poverty rate

All persons below federal poverty line

13.6%

Children face moderate poverty.

Children under 1817.8%

Working age (18–64)12.1%

Seniors (65+)14.9%

Source · American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2024 release.

Language at home

Population aged 5 and older

52.3%

speak English only

Spanish36.5%

Asian & Pacific Islander7.3%

Other Indo-European2.8%

Other languages1.2%

Source · ACS 5-year estimates, 2024.

Religious adherents

Adherents per capita by tradition

Catholic & Orthodox

26.0%

Other Christian

10.1%

Baptist

2.9%

Non-Christian

2.7%

Pentecostal & Holiness

2.2%

Mainline Protestant

0.8%

Methodist

0.6%

Source · 2020 US Religion Census. Remaining 54.7% of residents not counted as adherents by any reporting body.

Anchored in Kern County's petroleum heartland, CA-23 gave the Republican presidential nominee a 24-point margin in 2024, reflecting a rural, working-class electorate whose economic identity is closely tied to energy extraction.

The Democratic margin in California 23rd Congressional District has been steady. It reached its modern peak at thirty-six points in 1912; the 2024 margin was nine points, still in line with the district's long pattern.

Its political identity is inseparable from its demographic profile: a 33% non-Hispanic-white share, a median household income of $86,512, and the full diversity of a major metropolitan center.

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Cite this page

All citations released under CC BY 4.0. Attribution: Akashic Intelligence.

Congressional District 23, California. Akashic. https://akashic.app/cd/0623/. Accessed May 20, 2026. License: CC BY 4.0.

License: CC BY 4.0

Frequently asked questions

How did Congressional District 23, California vote in 2024?

In 2024, Congressional District 23, California voted Democratic by 9.1 points (D+9), carried by the Democratic candidate. Out of 999,687 votes cast, 530,804 went Democratic and 439,493 went Republican.

What is Congressional District 23, California's political archetype?

Akashic classifies Congressional District 23, California as a "Urban anchor" district based on its long-arc presidential voting pattern. Across 38 elections in the dataset, the district has voted Democratic 17 times, Republican 20 times, and other 1 times.

When did Congressional District 23, California last vote Republican?

The most recent presidential election in which Congressional District 23, California voted Republican was 1988.

How many people live in Congressional District 23, California?

Congressional District 23, California has a population of 2,806,785 according to the 2024 American Community Survey 5-year estimates from the US Census Bureau.

What is the median household income in Congressional District 23, California?

Median household income in Congressional District 23, California is $86,512 — above the national median of $80,734. The California state median is $99,122.

What is the political history of Congressional District 23, California?

Akashic tracks 38 presidential elections in Congressional District 23, California from 1876 to 2024. Of those, 17 went Democratic and 20 went Republican. The district's archetype — "Urban anchor" — captures the overall trajectory of that voting record.

California 23rd Congressional District delivered D+9 in 2024 — a Democratic stronghold for as long as anyone now living can remember.

Key facts

U.S. Senate

Demographics

Compare two places, side by side

Frequently asked questions