Michigan 1st Congressional District (MI) — Elections 1876–2024

Michigan 1st Congressional District, Michigan: Republican loyalist district. In 2024, voted R+21%. Republican peak: R+62 in 1904.

Key facts

2024 presidential margin: R+21MIT Election Lab
Political archetype: Republican loyalistAkashic typology
Population: 786,1682024 5-year
Median household income: $65,5382024 5-year
White (non-Hispanic): 89.9%2024 5-year
Black: 1.2%2024 5-year
Hispanic / Latino: 2.3%2024 5-year
Peak Democratic margin: D+28 in 1964MIT Election Lab
Peak Republican margin: R+62 in 1904MIT Election Lab

BERGMAN, JohnCongress 119 · Republican

−1 liberal

+1 conservative

Predecessors: BENISHEK, Dan (2015–2017), BENISHEK, Dan (2013–2015), BENISHEK, Dan (2011–2013), STUPAK, Bart T. (2009–2011)

Source · Voteview / Lewis, Poole, Rosenthal et al. (CC-BY).

2024 results by constituent county

36 counties · 2 D · 34 R

R+60

D+60

One cell per constituent county. Ordered by 2024 D-vs-R margin (bluest first). Hover for county-level numbers.

38 presidential elections

Source · MIT Election Lab · ICPSR · VEST (precinct-level 2024).
Year	Won	Margin	Democratic	Republican	Total
2024	R	−21.1%	188,611	291,845	488,271
2020	R	−19.8%	183,679	276,005	466,923
2016	R	−23.1%	143,498	237,348	405,444
2012	R	−8.9%	176,380	211,253	393,895
2008	D	+0.7%	202,372	199,652	409,723
2004	R	−10.6%	179,149	222,352	406,120
2000	R	−9.3%	157,718	191,191	360,988
1996	D	+7.5%	155,397	130,784	328,757
1992	D	+5.8%	145,361	124,869	351,706
1988	R	−8.9%	138,840	166,291	306,958
1984	R	−22.6%	119,232	189,101	309,741
1980	R	−11.7%	127,620	164,997	319,470
1976	R	−5.5%	136,335	152,406	292,590
1972	R	−17.9%	104,581	151,262	261,026
1968	R	−6.3%	100,334	114,790	229,707
1964	D	+28.0%	146,512	82,358	229,176
1960	R	−8.3%	109,266	129,175	238,872
1956	R	−24.9%	86,051	143,251	229,694
1952	R	−24.2%	85,193	139,842	226,139
1948	R	−10.3%	83,979	104,022	194,733
1944	R	−4.5%	95,000	104,035	200,116
1940	R	−3.3%	112,260	119,878	233,510
1936	D	+13.2%	118,711	90,324	215,583
1932	D	+1.0%	96,346	94,419	197,829
1928	R	−32.2%	53,746	105,771	161,375
1924	R	−60.0%	14,808	100,734	143,309
1920	R	−53.1%	27,870	99,290	134,500
1916	R	−19.0%	36,982	55,643	98,206
1912	O	−9.7%	18,602	27,378	90,245
1908	R	−47.0%	21,998	66,174	94,076
1904	R	−61.6%	15,112	70,894	90,576
1900	R	−42.8%	24,601	63,424	90,661
1896	R	−28.9%	28,390	52,456	83,228
1892	R	−7.3%	30,184	35,404	71,256
1888	—	No data	—	—	—
1884	—	No data	—	—	—
1880	—	No data	—	—	—
1876	—	No data	—	—	—

Congressional elections · 17 Senate races

U.S. Senate

Source · MIT Election Lab (MEDSL), Senate. CC-BY 4.0.
Year	Won	D %	R %	Total
2024	D	48.6%	48.3%	5,577,187
2020	D	49.9%	48.2%	5,479,720
2018	D	52.3%	45.8%	4,237,271
2014	D	54.6%	41.3%	3,121,771
2012	D	58.8%	38.0%	4,652,918
2008	D	62.7%	33.8%	4,848,620
2006	D	56.9%	41.3%	3,780,142
2002	D	60.6%	37.9%	3,129,287
2000	D	49.5%	47.9%	4,167,685
1996	D	58.4%	39.9%	3,762,575
1994	R	42.7%	51.9%	3,043,385
1990	D	57.5%	41.2%	2,560,494
1988	D	60.4%	38.5%	3,505,985
1984	D	51.8%	47.2%	3,700,938
1982	D	57.7%	40.9%	2,994,334
1978	D	52.1%	47.9%	2,846,630
1976	D	52.5%	46.8%	3,490,412

Demographics

Race, ethnicity, and ancestry

Click any group to see the ancestries typically reported within it.

German

22.8%

English

13.8%

Irish

11.7%

Polish

8.4%

French

5.8%

American

4.1%

Italian

3.7%

Source · American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2024 release. Hispanic/Latino is an ethnicity that overlaps the race categories, so these shares can total more than 100%. Ancestry is a self-reported, multiple-response item; ancestry percentages do not sum to the parent race percentage.

Age distribution by sex

Median age: 47.3 in this county, 39.1 nationally

Male

Age

Female

1.1%

85+

1.6%

3.6%

75–84

3.8%

7.8%

65–74

7.7%

7.8%

55–64

7.8%

5.7%

45–54

5.5%

5.8%

35–44

5.2%

5.6%

25–34

5.0%

4.4%

18–24

3.8%

6.9%

5–17

6.6%

2.2%

2.1%

Source · American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2024 release.

Median household income

2024 inflation-adjusted dollars

$65,538

Congressional District 1 ranks near the middle of US counties.

Congressional District 1$65,538

Michigan$72,875

United States$80,734

Source · American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2024 release.

Poverty rate

All persons below federal poverty line

12.6%

Children face moderate poverty.

Children under 1815.6%

Working age (18–64)12.2%

Seniors (65+)11.1%

Source · American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2024 release.

Language at home

Population aged 5 and older

97.0%

speak English only

Other Indo-European1.2%

Spanish1.0%

Asian & Pacific Islander0.4%

Other languages0.4%

Source · ACS 5-year estimates, 2024.

Religious adherents

Adherents per capita by tradition

Catholic & Orthodox

13.8%

Mainline Protestant

7.8%

Other Christian

7.0%

Methodist

2.6%

Pentecostal & Holiness

1.7%

Baptist

0.6%

Non-Christian

0.1%

Source · 2020 US Religion Census. Remaining 66.4% of residents not counted as adherents by any reporting body.

Covering the entire Upper Peninsula and the northwestern Lower Peninsula, MI-01 is defined by sparse population, extractive industries, and a rural white working-class electorate that has shifted steadily rightward over the past two decades, posting an R+18.4 margin in 2024.

The Republican margin in Michigan 1st Congressional District reached its widest at sixty-two points in 1904. The margin in 2024 was twenty-one points, in line with the district's deep historical pattern.

Its loyalty is rooted in its place. Median household income of $65,538, a 90% non-Hispanic-white share, and a population of 786,168 together describe a district whose political habits are deeply settled.

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Cite this page

All citations released under CC BY 4.0. Attribution: Akashic Intelligence.

Congressional District 1, Michigan. Akashic. https://akashic.app/cd/2601/. Accessed May 20, 2026. License: CC BY 4.0.

License: CC BY 4.0

Frequently asked questions

How did Congressional District 1, Michigan vote in 2024?

In 2024, Congressional District 1, Michigan voted Republican by 21.1 points (R+21), carried by the Republican candidate. Out of 488,271 votes cast, 188,611 went Democratic and 291,845 went Republican.

What is Congressional District 1, Michigan's political archetype?

Akashic classifies Congressional District 1, Michigan as a "Republican loyalist" district based on its long-arc presidential voting pattern. Across 38 elections in the dataset, the district has voted Democratic 6 times, Republican 27 times, and other 1 times.

When did Congressional District 1, Michigan last vote Democratic?

The most recent presidential election in which Congressional District 1, Michigan voted Democratic was 2008.

How many people live in Congressional District 1, Michigan?

Congressional District 1, Michigan has a population of 786,168 according to the 2024 American Community Survey 5-year estimates from the US Census Bureau.

What is the median household income in Congressional District 1, Michigan?

Median household income in Congressional District 1, Michigan is $65,538 — below the national median of $80,734. The Michigan state median is $72,875.

What is the political history of Congressional District 1, Michigan?

Akashic tracks 38 presidential elections in Congressional District 1, Michigan from 1876 to 2024. Of those, 6 went Democratic and 27 went Republican. The district's archetype — "Republican loyalist" — captures the overall trajectory of that voting record.

Michigan 1st Congressional District delivered R+21 in 2024 — Republican for decades.

Key facts

U.S. Senate

Demographics

Compare two places, side by side

Frequently asked questions