| Year | Won | Margin | Democratic | Republican | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | R | 15,180 | 29,130 | 45,329 | |
| 2020 | R | 15,581 | 27,356 | 43,957 | |
| 2016 | R | 11,793 | 23,431 | 37,371 | |
| 2012 | R | 11,512 | 21,128 | 33,322 | |
| 2008 | R | 12,392 | 19,694 | 32,537 | |
| 2004 | R | 11,525 | 18,922 | 30,707 | |
| 2000 | R | 9,309 | 13,682 | 23,666 | |
| 1996 | R | 8,142 | 9,212 | 19,102 | |
| 1992 | R | 8,005 | 8,719 | 19,841 | |
| 1988 | R | 6,672 | 9,958 | 16,766 | |
| 1984 | R | 6,509 | 11,309 | 17,926 | |
| 1980 | R | 8,208 | 8,437 | 17,671 | |
| 1976 | D | 7,299 | 6,581 | 14,114 | |
| 1972 | R | 4,328 | 8,659 | 13,199 | |
| 1968 | R | 3,884 | 5,325 | 11,878 | |
| 1964 | D | 6,877 | 4,266 | 11,200 | |
| 1960 | R | 5,621 | 6,692 | 12,313 | |
| 1956 | R | 5,670 | 5,955 | 11,710 | |
| 1952 | D | 5,901 | 5,886 | 11,815 | |
| 1948 | D | 5,344 | 4,619 | 10,156 | |
| 1944 | D | 5,769 | 5,468 | 11,307 | |
| 1940 | D | 6,484 | 5,789 | 12,340 | |
| 1936 | D | 6,259 | 6,034 | 12,375 | |
| 1932 | D | 6,957 | 5,811 | 12,884 | |
| 1928 | R | 4,736 | 6,325 | 11,090 | |
| 1924 | R | 4,895 | 5,276 | 10,292 | |
| 1920 | R | 5,647 | 6,012 | 11,739 | |
| 1916 | D | 3,295 | 3,017 | 6,344 | |
| 1912 | D | 2,992 | 2,094 | 6,039 | |
| 1908 | R | 3,065 | 3,191 | 6,359 | |
| 1904 | D | 2,891 | 2,774 | 5,790 | |
| 1900 | R | 3,046 | 3,084 | 6,197 | |
| 1896 | R | 2,756 | 3,100 | 5,997 | |
| 1892 | D | 2,565 | 2,312 | 5,025 | |
| 1888 | — | — | — | — | |
| 1884 | — | — | — | — | |
| 1880 | — | — | — | — | |
| 1876 | — | — | — | — |
Home to Eastern Kentucky University in Richmond, Madison County has shifted sharply toward Republican margins over the past decade despite its college presence, posting a 30-point gap in 2024 — a pattern common across Appalachian-adjacent Kentucky counties.
The Republican margin in Madison County reached its widest at thirty-three points in 1972. The margin in 2024 was thirty-one points, in line with the county's deep historical pattern.
Madison County's loyalty is rooted in its place. Median household income of $63,351, a 89% non-Hispanic-white share, and a population of 95,769 together describe a community whose political habits are deeply settled. The county's voting pattern over the last decade is most similar to that of Oglethorpe County and Gilmer County.
