Texas 34th Congressional District (TX) — Elections 1876–2024

Texas 34th Congressional District, Texas: Populist district. In 2024, voted R+5%. Democratic peak: D+83 in 1912.

Key facts

2024 presidential margin: R+5MIT Election Lab
Political archetype: PopulistAkashic typology
Population: 647,5752024 5-year
Median household income: $53,5152024 5-year
White (non-Hispanic): 33.8%2024 5-year
Black: 0.8%2024 5-year
Hispanic / Latino: 89.1%2024 5-year
Peak Democratic margin: D+83 in 1912MIT Election Lab
Peak Republican margin: R+21 in 1952MIT Election Lab

GONZALEZ, Vicente, Jr.Congress 119 · Democratic

−1 liberal

+1 conservative

Predecessors: VELA, Filemon (2021–2023), FLORES, Mayra (2021–2023), VELA, Filemon (2019–2021), VELA, Filemon (2017–2019)

Source · Voteview / Lewis, Poole, Rosenthal et al. (CC-BY).

2024 results by constituent county

5 counties · 0 D · 5 R

R+60

D+60

One cell per constituent county. Ordered by 2024 D-vs-R margin (bluest first). Hover for county-level numbers.

38 presidential elections

Source · MIT Election Lab · ICPSR · VEST (precinct-level 2024).
Year	Won	Margin	Democratic	Republican	Total
2024	R	−5.4%	81,299	90,757	173,613
2020	D	+13.1%	97,135	74,488	173,451
2016	D	+32.4%	90,361	44,773	140,888
2012	D	+32.2%	77,148	39,281	117,678
2008	D	+29.5%	74,515	40,347	115,650
2004	D	+1.0%	53,295	52,198	106,001
2000	D	+11.7%	52,773	41,546	95,866
1996	D	+30.7%	54,723	27,901	87,315
1992	D	+18.5%	47,783	30,738	92,165
1988	D	+16.0%	50,013	36,125	86,674
1984	R	−1.7%	42,908	44,398	87,596
1980	D	+6.0%	38,084	33,655	73,436
1976	D	+23.1%	40,933	25,498	66,960
1972	R	−18.1%	22,805	32,952	55,982
1968	D	+15.8%	26,230	18,555	48,461
1964	D	+29.8%	27,119	14,654	41,878
1960	D	+14.6%	21,945	16,329	38,342
1956	R	−12.0%	14,411	18,392	33,138
1952	R	−21.2%	13,859	21,333	35,234
1948	D	+23.2%	11,867	7,283	19,800
1944	D	+13.3%	9,719	7,324	17,962
1940	D	+30.1%	10,306	5,522	15,872
1936	D	+48.5%	9,770	3,288	13,362
1932	D	+61.3%	11,892	2,815	14,811
1928	R	−3.1%	5,182	5,515	10,712
1924	D	+35.9%	4,020	1,779	6,243
1920	D	+18.0%	1,889	1,302	3,262
1916	D	+53.9%	2,058	586	2,731
1912	D	+82.7%	2,478	161	2,802
1908	—	No data	—	—	—
1904	—	No data	—	—	—
1900	—	No data	—	—	—
1896	—	No data	—	—	—
1892	—	No data	—	—	—
1888	—	No data	—	—	—
1884	—	No data	—	—	—
1880	—	No data	—	—	—
1876	—	No data	—	—	—

Congressional elections · 17 Senate races

U.S. Senate

Source · MIT Election Lab (MEDSL), Senate. CC-BY 4.0.
Year	Won	D %	R %	Total
2024	R	44.6%	53.1%	11,291,854
2020	R	43.9%	53.5%	11,144,040
2018	R	48.3%	50.9%	8,371,655
2014	R	34.4%	61.6%	4,648,358
2012	R	40.6%	56.5%	7,864,822
2008	R	42.8%	54.8%	7,912,075
2006	R	36.0%	61.7%	4,314,663
2002	R	43.3%	55.3%	4,514,012
2000	R	32.3%	65.1%	6,267,964
1996	R	43.9%	54.8%	5,527,441
1994	R	38.3%	60.8%	4,279,940
1990	R	37.4%	60.2%	3,822,157
1988	D	59.2%	40.0%	5,323,606
1984	R	41.4%	58.5%	5,314,178
1982	D	58.6%	40.5%	3,103,167
1978	R	49.3%	49.8%	2,312,540
1976	D	56.8%	42.2%	3,874,230

Demographics

Race, ethnicity, and ancestry

Click any group to see the ancestries typically reported within it.

German

2.3%

American

2.2%

English

2.0%

Irish

1.4%

Italian

0.5%

Source · American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2024 release. Hispanic/Latino is an ethnicity that overlaps the race categories, so these shares can total more than 100%. Ancestry is a self-reported, multiple-response item; ancestry percentages do not sum to the parent race percentage.

Age distribution by sex

Median age: 32.0 in this county, 39.1 nationally

Male

Age

Female

0.6%

85+

0.9%

1.9%

75–84

2.5%

3.5%

65–74

4.2%

4.4%

55–64

5.1%

5.5%

45–54

5.9%

6.0%

35–44

5.9%

6.9%

25–34

6.4%

5.9%

18–24

5.5%

11.1%

5–17

10.6%

3.7%

3.6%

Source · American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2024 release.

Median household income

2024 inflation-adjusted dollars

$53,515

Congressional District 34 ranks near the middle of US counties.

Congressional District 34$53,515

Texas$78,476

United States$80,734

Source · American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2024 release.

Poverty rate

All persons below federal poverty line

25.4%

Children face higher poverty than working-age adults.

Children under 1835.7%

Working age (18–64)20.9%

Seniors (65+)25.6%

Source · American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2024 release.

Language at home

Population aged 5 and older

27.9%

speak English only

Spanish71.1%

Asian & Pacific Islander0.6%

Other Indo-European0.4%

Source · ACS 5-year estimates, 2024.

Religious adherents

Adherents per capita by tradition

Catholic & Orthodox

38.9%

Other Christian

10.9%

Baptist

2.8%

Pentecostal & Holiness

1.3%

Mainline Protestant

0.9%

Methodist

0.8%

Non-Christian

0.2%

Source · 2020 US Religion Census. Remaining 44.2% of residents not counted as adherents by any reporting body.

Stretching along the Rio Grande from Laredo to the Gulf Coast, TX-34 backed Democrats by double digits as recently as 2020 before swinging R+12.1 in 2024, making it one of the cycle's most dramatic margin reversals among majority-Hispanic districts.

The Democratic margin in Texas 34th Congressional District peaked at eighty-three points in 1912. By 2024 the district had flipped, voting Republican for the first time in many years. The 2024 margin was five points, the most Republican-leaning result in the district's modern history.

The economic context is the key. The median household income of $53,515 sits well below state and national norms, and 25% of residents live below the federal poverty line. The shift here is part of a broader realignment of working-class places across the country.

Compare two places, side by side

Twelve curated comparisons line up election history, demographics, and the divergence story for two places at a glance. Browse all comparisons →

Cite this page

All citations released under CC BY 4.0. Attribution: Akashic Intelligence.

Congressional District 34, Texas. Akashic. https://akashic.app/cd/4834/. Accessed May 20, 2026. License: CC BY 4.0.

License: CC BY 4.0

Frequently asked questions

How did Congressional District 34, Texas vote in 2024?

In 2024, Congressional District 34, Texas voted Republican by 5.4 points (R+5), carried by the Republican candidate. Out of 173,613 votes cast, 81,299 went Democratic and 90,757 went Republican.

What is Congressional District 34, Texas's political archetype?

Akashic classifies Congressional District 34, Texas as a "Populist" district based on its long-arc presidential voting pattern. Across 38 elections in the dataset, the district has voted Democratic 23 times, Republican 6 times, and other 0 times.

When did Congressional District 34, Texas last vote Democratic?

The most recent presidential election in which Congressional District 34, Texas voted Democratic was 2020.

How many people live in Congressional District 34, Texas?

Congressional District 34, Texas has a population of 647,575 according to the 2024 American Community Survey 5-year estimates from the US Census Bureau.

What is the median household income in Congressional District 34, Texas?

Median household income in Congressional District 34, Texas is $53,515 — below the national median of $80,734. The Texas state median is $78,476.

What is the political history of Congressional District 34, Texas?

Akashic tracks 38 presidential elections in Congressional District 34, Texas from 1876 to 2024. Of those, 23 went Democratic and 6 went Republican. The district's archetype — "Populist" — captures the overall trajectory of that voting record.

Texas 34th Congressional District peaked at D+83; 2024 delivered R+5.

Key facts

U.S. Senate

Demographics

Compare two places, side by side

Frequently asked questions