Texas 31st Congressional District, Texas: Old Confederacy district. In 2024, voted R+14%. Democratic peak: D+86 in 1932.
Key facts
- 2024 presidential margin
- R+14MIT Election Lab
- Political archetype
- Old ConfederacyAkashic typology
- Population
- 1,013,4682024 5-year
- Median household income
- $91,5392024 5-year
- White (non-Hispanic)
- 57.7%2024 5-year
- Black
- 12.2%2024 5-year
- Hispanic / Latino
- 24.6%2024 5-year
- Peak Democratic margin
- D+86 in 1932MIT Election Lab
- Peak Republican margin
- R+44 in 1972MIT Election Lab
R
CARTER, John R.
−1 liberal+1 conservative
Source · Voteview / Lewis, Poole, Rosenthal et al. (CC-BY).
Constituent county margins for Congressional District 31, TXOne cell per constituent county, colored by 2024 presidential margin from deep red (Republican) through neutral to deep blue (Democratic), ordered bluest first.
R+60D+60
One cell per constituent county. Ordered by 2024 D-vs-R margin (bluest first). Hover for county-level numbers.
38 presidential elections
| Year | Won | Margin | Democratic | Republican | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| R | 175,822 | 234,445 | 417,533 | ||
| R | 175,440 | 211,224 | 395,229 | ||
| R | 108,223 | 161,126 | 288,863 | ||
| R | 88,818 | 150,101 | 244,538 | ||
| R | 100,553 | 142,416 | 245,919 | ||
| R | 68,321 | 141,114 | 211,477 | ||
| R | 49,190 | 112,056 | 166,314 | ||
| R | 50,851 | 71,357 | 133,689 | ||
| R | 41,863 | 55,257 | 128,740 | ||
| R | 42,529 | 63,648 | 106,993 | ||
| R | 28,143 | 67,121 | 95,694 | ||
| R | 33,112 | 43,178 | 79,029 | ||
| D | 35,385 | 28,481 | 64,412 | ||
| R | 12,854 | 33,494 | 46,522 | ||
| D | 22,046 | 12,848 | 42,157 | ||
| D | 28,963 | 7,561 | 36,565 | ||
| D | 20,579 | 11,655 | 32,345 | ||
| D | 18,046 | 11,916 | 30,037 | ||
| D | 18,950 | 13,949 | 32,931 | ||
| D | 19,042 | 3,324 | 23,481 | ||
| D | 18,448 | 3,095 | 24,390 | ||
| D | 21,518 | 4,249 | 25,785 | ||
| D | 16,872 | 1,503 | 18,425 | ||
| D | 22,592 | 1,702 | 24,336 | ||
| D | 9,452 | 8,755 | 18,225 | ||
| D | 20,190 | 3,404 | 24,603 | ||
| D | 10,844 | 2,717 | 17,233 | ||
| D | 10,636 | 1,493 | 12,578 | ||
| D | 8,202 | 582 | 9,871 | ||
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Congressional elections · 17 Senate races
U.S. Senate
| Year | Won | D % | R % | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | R | 44.6% | 53.1% | 11,291,854 |
| 2020 | R | 43.9% | 53.5% | 11,144,040 |
| 2018 | R | 48.3% | 50.9% | 8,371,655 |
| 2014 | R | 34.4% | 61.6% | 4,648,358 |
| 2012 | R | 40.6% | 56.5% | 7,864,822 |
| 2008 | R | 42.8% | 54.8% | 7,912,075 |
| 2006 | R | 36.0% | 61.7% | 4,314,663 |
| 2002 | R | 43.3% | 55.3% | 4,514,012 |
| 2000 | R | 32.3% | 65.1% | 6,267,964 |
| 1996 | R | 43.9% | 54.8% | 5,527,441 |
| 1994 | R | 38.3% | 60.8% | 4,279,940 |
| 1990 | R | 37.4% | 60.2% | 3,822,157 |
| 1988 | D | 59.2% | 40.0% | 5,323,606 |
| 1984 | R | 41.4% | 58.5% | 5,314,178 |
| 1982 | D | 58.6% | 40.5% | 3,103,167 |
| 1978 | R | 49.3% | 49.8% | 2,312,540 |
| 1976 | D | 56.8% | 42.2% | 3,874,230 |
Demographics
Race, ethnicity, and ancestry
Click any group to see the ancestries typically reported within it.
German
13.0%
English
10.3%
Irish
8.0%
American
5.2%
Italian
2.7%
Scottish
2.0%
French
1.8%
Source · American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2024 release. Hispanic/Latino is an ethnicity that overlaps the race categories, so these shares can total more than 100%. Ancestry is a self-reported, multiple-response item; ancestry percentages do not sum to the parent race percentage.
Age distribution by sex
Median age: 35.9 in this county, 39.1 nationally
Male
Age
Female
85+
75–84
65–74
55–64
45–54
35–44
25–34
18–24
5–17
<5
Source · American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2024 release.
Median household income
2024 inflation-adjusted dollars
$91,539
Congressional District 31 ranks near the middle of US counties.
Congressional District 31$91,539
Texas$78,476
United States$80,734
Source · American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2024 release.
Poverty rate
All persons below federal poverty line
9.6%
Child poverty is below the national average.
Children under 1812.2%
Working age (18–64)8.6%
Seniors (65+)9.4%
Source · American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2024 release.
Language at home
Population aged 5 and older
78.1%
speak English only
Spanish13.9%
Asian & Pacific Islander3.9%
Other Indo-European3.2%
Other languages0.9%
Source · ACS 5-year estimates, 2024.
Religious adherents
Adherents per capita by tradition
Source · 2020 US Religion Census. Remaining 56.4% of residents not counted as adherents by any reporting body.
Texas's 31st stretches across fast-growing Williamson County north of Austin, where an influx of tech-sector workers has compressed a margin that once ran well into double digits, making it a closely watched bellwether for suburban realignment statewide.
The shift began with civil rights. 1980 marked the realignment in Texas 31st Congressional District, by a thirteen points margin. The Republican margin reached its widest at forty-four points in 1972. The 2024 margin was fourteen points.
The political shift has tracked, in Texas 31st Congressional District, the political shift of the South more broadly. A 58% non-Hispanic-white share, a median household income of $91,539, and a 10% poverty rate describe the demographic context.
Compare two places, side by side
Twelve curated comparisons line up election history, demographics, and the divergence story for two places at a glance. Browse all comparisons →
Cite this page
All citations released under CC BY 4.0. Attribution: Akashic Intelligence.
Congressional District 31, Texas. Akashic. https://akashic.app/cd/4831/. Accessed May 20, 2026. License: CC BY 4.0.
License: CC BY 4.0
Frequently asked questions
How did Congressional District 31, Texas vote in 2024?
In 2024, Congressional District 31, Texas voted Republican by 14.0 points (R+14), carried by the Republican candidate. Out of 417,533 votes cast, 175,822 went Democratic and 234,445 went Republican.
What is Congressional District 31, Texas's political archetype?
Akashic classifies Congressional District 31, Texas as a "Old Confederacy" district based on its long-arc presidential voting pattern. Across 38 elections in the dataset, the district has voted Democratic 16 times, Republican 13 times, and other 0 times.
When did Congressional District 31, Texas last vote Democratic?
The most recent presidential election in which Congressional District 31, Texas voted Democratic was 1976.
How many people live in Congressional District 31, Texas?
Congressional District 31, Texas has a population of 1,013,468 according to the 2024 American Community Survey 5-year estimates from the US Census Bureau.
What is the median household income in Congressional District 31, Texas?
Median household income in Congressional District 31, Texas is $91,539 — above the national median of $80,734. The Texas state median is $78,476.
What is the political history of Congressional District 31, Texas?
Akashic tracks 38 presidential elections in Congressional District 31, Texas from 1876 to 2024. Of those, 16 went Democratic and 13 went Republican. The district's archetype — "Old Confederacy" — captures the overall trajectory of that voting record.