Montana has voted Republican for president in every election but one since 1968, and 2024 widened the line to R+19.9, its largest in five cycles. Yet the Democratic vote has not vanished so much as concentrated. Of the state’s fifty-six counties, five went Democratic in 2024, and they tell the whole story: Missoula County, home to the University of Montana, at D+21.4, the bluest in the state; Silver Bow County — Butte, the old union mining town — at D+7.0; Deer Lodge at D+1.0; Gallatin, around Bozeman, at D+3.2; and Glacier County, on the Blackfeet Reservation, at D+19.6. The reddest is Garfield County, on the eastern plains, at R+89.6.
For a generation that map sustained a split ticket. Jon Tester, a Democrat and a farmer from Big Sandy, won a U.S. Senate seat in 2006 and held it through 2012 and 2018, running ahead of his party in a state his presidential ticket kept losing. In 2024 that ended: Tester lost the seat as Montana gave Donald Trump twenty points, closing eighteen years of split-ticket results. The reservation counties moved the same year. Big Horn County, on the Crow Reservation, had voted Democratic through 2020; in 2024 it went Republican by 1.7 points. Blaine County, by Fort Belknap, made the same crossing, from D+3.8 in 2020 to R+5.9.
Underneath the politics is a small, white, and lightly churched state of 1.1 million. American Indian residents are its largest minority, drawn around seven reservations, and the combined American Indian, Pacific Islander, and other-single-race share is 5.9 percent of the population. Montana ranks fourth of the fifty states in residents claiming no religion, at 65.3 percent, and sixth in Latter-day Saints. Its median household income, $72,509, runs below the U.S. figure of $80,734, 36th of fifty; 35.3 percent of adults hold a bachelor’s degree, 22nd. It is among the oldest states by median age, tenth at 40.8 years.